PLANET EARTH TEST

Here you have a test to practice:

WORLD MAPS

Maps are flat drawings that represent parts of the surface of the Earth.
On a world map, you can see:
• The six continents: America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania and Antarctica.
• The five oceans: the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Indian, the Arctic and the Antarctic Ocean.

EARTH GLOBES

Earth globes are spheres which represent the planet on a small scale.
They show:
• The North Pole.
• The South Pole.
• The Equator: an imaginary line dividing the Earth into two halves: the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

 

 

 

ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES

Artificial satellites are man-made objects which orbit the Earth.
They have many different functions.
They send information back to Earth about the weather and the land.
They are also used for telecommunications.
We use this information to create maps and globes to represent Earth.

Photo from Bharat Defence Kabach

THE CARDINAL POINTS

The cardinal points are the four main points of a compass: North, South, East and West.

Photo from The Solid Signal Blog

THE MOON MOVES

The Moon orbits the Earth. Each orbit takes 28 days.
This is called a lunar month.
There are four shapes called the Moon phases.

Photo from www.relativelyinteresting.com

THE EARTH ORBITS THE SUN

The Earth orbits the Sun.
One complete orbit takes 365 days.
This is called an Earth revolution or a year.
 Earth revolution causes the four seasons.
The Earth rotates on a tilted axis.
In winter, the Sun’s rays reach the Earth at an angle.
This gives less heat.
In summer, the rays reach the Earth more directly. This gives more heat.

Photo from learner.org

Photo from nmsu.edu

Photo from nmsu.edu

THE EARTH ROTATES

The Sun does not move.
The Earth moves around the Sun.
The Earth rotates on its axis.
This movement is called rotation.
One rotation takes 24 hours.
This is a day.
The rotation of the Earth causes day and night.
It is day in the half that receives the light from the Sun.
It is night in the half that does not receive light.

THE MOON

The Moon is the natural satellite of the Earth.
Satellites orbit planets.
The Moon is a sphere.
The Moon does not give off light.
It looks bright because it reflects light from the Sun.

THE SUN

The Sun is a star.
Stars are like giant balls of fire.
The Sun is like other stars you see in the night sky.
You can see the Sun during the day because it is closer to the Earth than other stars.
Life on Earth is possible thanks to the light and heat from the Sun.

Photo from the NASA

THE EARTH

The surface of the Earth is covered with land and water.
The land is made up of continents and islands.
Continents are large areas of land.
Islands are land surrounded by sea.
Most of the Earth is covered with water.
This water forms the seas and oceans.
There is also water on the continents and islands, in rivers and in lakes.
The Earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere.

THE MOON AND THE SUN

The Moon orbits the Earth.
There is no water or air on the Moon.
The Sun is a star.
It is the closest star to the Earth.

Picture by Larry McNish

THE EARTH

The Earth is a planet.
It is shaped like a sphere.
The Earth rotates.
It spins on its axis.
The Earth orbits the Sun.
There is water and land on the surface of the Earth.
The Earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere.

Photo from www.factmonster.com

MACHINES TEST

COMPOUND MACHINES

Compound machines are made up of two or more simple machines working together.
They are classified into groups:
Motors produce movement. They can be electric or gas.
Gears are wheels with teeth that produce movement.
Electric circuits have switches and wires. They help electricity flow through the different parts of a machine
Electronic circuits are electric circuits with very small parts called microchips.

Motor by Miguel Díaz from flickr

Gears by ralphbijker from flickr

Electric circuit by Leslie Wong

Microchip from pixabay

SIMPLE MACHINES

Simple machines have one or few parts.
They work with one movement.
The wheel is a solid disk that turns on an axle.
The pulley is a rope wrapped around a wheel.
The lever is a bar that rests on a pivot point.
When one side goes down, the other side goes up.
The ramp is an inclined plane.

HOW MACHINES FUNCTION

Machines need energy in order to function.
This energy comes from different sources:

• People are the energy source for canoes and bicycles. 
• Electricity is the energy source for refrigerators and computers. 
• Combustible fuels are the energy source for cars and rockets. 
• Wind is the energy source for windmills and sailing boats.

USES OF MACHINES

Machines have many uses:

• Exerting force.
• Carrying heavy objects.
• Communicating with people far away.
• Travelling.

WHAT IS A MACHINE?

Machines are devices that allow you to work better, faster and easier.
They help you save time and energy.
Machines can be very simple (scissors) and also very complicated (aeroplanes).

MACHINES

Machines make work easier.
They are very useful.
We use them every day for many things.
Machines can have one or few parts, for example the hammer, or they can have many parts, for example the car.

Car: many parts.
Photo by Leslie Wong

Hammer: few parts.
Photo by Anna Strumillo